The past is now the future, according to Marginal Gain, which has unveiled an unusual new drivetrain aimed at addressing what it sees as a limitation of wide-range 1x systems - the increasing chain angle as the chain moves across the cassette.
Over the past decade, we have seen big changes in drivetrain tech, including the widespread adoption of single cranksets and rear cassettes growing in gear range and number of cogs.
Marginal Gain says, “this evolution has progressively shifted the responsibility for providing the bicycle’s full gear range from the front chainrings to the rear cassette. As a result, the chain is being required to operate across increasingly extreme lateral angles”.
What we have here is essentially a 1x drivetrain with two chainlines, each aligned with a different half of the cassette. The first is used with the smaller cogs and the second with the larger ones, keeping the chain more closely aligned with the selected gear. Marginal Gain says this is intended to offer “the range and versatility of a triple with the simplicity of a single”.
As you shift across the cassette, the chain's natural lateral movement triggers it to move between the two chainlines, using the middle chainring to guide it between the two outer chainrings.
There’s no front derailleur or input from the rider, and the system operates entirely mechanically, so the shift requires no batteries, electronic controls or charging.
The chain moves between the two chainlines, using the middle chainring to guide it between the two outer chainrings (Image credit: Marginal Gain)
What it hopes to achieve
The aim of Orient is to reduce some of the compromises the company feels are associated with a wide-range 1x drivetrain. By controlling the chain's movement between two chainlines, Marginal Gain says the system can reduce chain friction, wear and resistance, while allowing for a wider range of gears without relying on increasingly large jumps between sprockets.
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The company claims this system can provide a gearing range corresponding to speeds of 7.6mph to 36.1mph, although it doesn't state the cadence used to calculate these figures.
Marginal Gain compares this with two road setups. A compact 46/33T chainset with a 10-33T cassette is shown as covering 7.2mph to 33.2mph, while a standard 50/37T setup with a 10-26T cassette is shown as covering 10.3mph to 36.1mph.
The comparisons aren't entirely like-for-like, however. The Orient example uses a 32-inch wheel, while the more conventional road examples use standard 700c wheels. The 10-26T cassette used for the standard setup is also a relatively unusual choice for general road riding making the comparison less representative of what you'd typically see on the road.
This isn't a drivetrain you can simply install on an existing bike, as the additional spacing between the chainrings requires a specifically designed frame with enough clearance. However, Orient is designed to work with existing combinations of rear derailleurs and cassettes currently available on the market supporting 10-speed systems and above.
Marginal Gain has partnered with Blackwater Bicycles, a custom titanium bike builder, to integrate the Orient system into its bikes, and as a result has brought back the elevated chainstay that we saw on many mountain bikes in the late 80s and 90s to create clearance around the drivetrain.
Moving the chainstay above the drivetrain also creates more space around the bottom bracket and rear hub, allowing for greater tyre clearance (2.4in) and room for future cassette configurations with more than 13 speeds, says the company.
Weight
Despite adding more chainrings, the Orient system doesn’t claim to be dramatically heavier than existing drivetrains. The lightest Orient 1x16 configuration is estimated at 1,060g, and for comparison, the company's quoted weight for a traditional flagship 1x13 gravel drivetrain is 1,124g.
These figures are all estimates, and Marginal Gain says the Orient component weights are conservative and likely to come down by the time production versions are available.
(Image credit: Marginal Gain)
Future developments
Future developments are expected to include Marginal Gain’s own rear derailleur, alongside 15- and 16-speed cassette configurations. The company says the two front chainlines, which can be spaced by up to 25mm, allow the derailleur to sit further forward and slightly higher, increasing chain wrap, protection and ground clearance – particularly with 32-inch wheels.
